In terms of applied rates (as distinct from much higher bound rates or lower GSP and LDC rates), ERPs are relatively low for the final stage of shoe production in the EU and US with 9 and 12 per cent respectively.

A study of 670 British companies found that market power (estimated by high market shares) led to reduced levels of productivity, and that more competition (as measured by increased numbers of competitors or lower profit margins) was associated with higher rates of total factor productivity growth.

Impact of abortion on lower fertility rate.

The relatively low deposit GDP ratio was, at the end of 1996, about 57.5 per cent.

Services offered to higher risk groups are of lower quality and are less able to deal successfully with any problems that may arise.

Due to the low response rate, it was not possible to conclude on the total global production, export import, use and stocks of DDT.

The return movement took place in conditions of relative calm, and a low incidence of human rights violations was observed.

At the same time, a comparison of productivity between the top 25 European and American companies shows that regulations are driving differences in productivity.

They had also led to industrial segmentation into two sectors, a competitive, relatively high productivity small sector consisting of modern, capital intensive firms or conglomerates and a relatively low productivity larger sector comprising SMEs which were continually slipping behind and losing ground.

(a) The overall poor health and nutritional status of pregnant women resulting in a high incidence of low birth weight

Also, the current, relatively low poverty rate among the population is a result of spending, which significantly exceeds current production levels. This spending has

All these factors contribute to high levels of fertility, morbidity and mortality, as well as to low economic productivity.

Spending for this purpose as a percentage of gross national product (GNP) has been relatively low.

Female illiteracy has been reduced to acceptable levels, and school dropout rates have declined.

As a result, the proportion of people living on under 1 a day and the overall poverty in those subregions have been on the decline.

First, they were trapped in a vicious circle of low income, low savings and low investment, leading to low productivity and low growth.

The Bedouin population has a high rate of unemployment and low socio economic state.

The maternal mortality rate has remained generally low.

Strategic maternal mortality reduction plan 2004 2008, which is based on the 2003 strategic guidelines for reducing maternal mortality and the recommendations of the 2000 maternal mortality baseline of the national reproductive health programme.

With the death rate of newborn children of 16.4 per thousand in 1991, Bosnia and Herzegovina was among the countries with a relatively low mortality of newborn children.

It is thought that, with better quality information, the incidence of low birth weight would be around 10 per cent.

This is a plot of frequency against time sort of like musical notation, where the higher notes are up higher and the lower notes are lower, and time goes this way.

America s high rate of unemployment and the low rates of capacity utilization imply that there is little upward pressure on wages and prices in the US. And the recent rise in the value of the dollar relative to the euro and the British pound helps by reducing import costs.

The overall drop out ratios were relatively low, but they have increased for the last two years.

Standard of living is lower.

In general, the Gulf Cooperation Council countries maintain low or modest external debt stocks and debt to GDP ratios and have accumulated substantial foreign assets.

She also expressed concern that despite the high literacy rate, the fertility rate, at 4.3, remained high and the contraceptive prevalence rate, 33 per cent in 1999, was low.

While such savings now represented a greater proportion of the gross domestic product of developing countries than they had a decade earlier, savings rates in Africa and Latin America remained comparatively low, owing to low absolute levels of per capita income in Africa, the low rates of growth in income, continuing high levels of unemployment in both regions and patterns of income distribution.

Common staff costs were lower than in 2002 for reasons of lower staff turnover.

The low export ratio, of 10 to 15 per cent of GDP, is well below pre 1988 levels of 25 to 35 per cent.

The older girls usually assist with agricultural production and housework, leading to higher illiteracy among young girls and to higher school drop out rates.

Comparative statistics on the output and productivity of regular and temporary assistance staff are now available.

202. Sri Lanka, in comparison with other developing countries in the South Asia region, has achieved considerable success in social status indicators, as is reflected in its low infant mortality rate, low maternal mortality rate, high life expectancy at birth and high literacy rate.

104. The positive employment trends also led to lower unemployment rates.

Land degradation is in turn defined as the reduction or loss of the biological or economic productivity of drylands.

Results usually show that child labour rates are higher among indigenous children and that, in turn, their school attendance rates are lower, especially among girls.

In regions such as Africa, great progress had been made in lowering the death rates over a relatively short period of time, but corresponding birth rates had declined more slowly that had resulted in rapid population growth.

The production sectors suffer from low productivity and weak competitiveness, due mainly to the inefficient use of resources, insufficient networking and clustering and poor use of technology.

Minimum rate of growth

Productivity growth is not about working longer it is about generating more output per unit of labor input. Any undercounting of output pales in comparison with the IT assisted undercounting of working hours.

As it stands, productivity in services is six times lower than in manufacturing. The operations of South Korea s chaebols which dominate production, if not employment should be adjusted to support productivity gains in the increasingly dominant services sector.

This is due to the relatively low collision rates expected for the next decades.

Reduced rates of return will lower investment rates. China may be able to rely on policy reforms to boost productivity growth but, with relatively low innovative capacity, it will struggle to catch up with frontier technologies.

19. The Summit goal is to reduce the under five mortality rate (U5MR) by one third or to 70 per 1,000 live births, whichever is lower, by the year 2000.

Improved child and maternal nutrition is also expected to have a significant impact on the reduction of child mortality.