Improved and sustained hygiene (particularly hand washing), water safety and environmental sanitation practices.

Goal 7. Ensure environmental sustainability (in relation to water, sanitation and human settlements)

However, immunization coverage, universal salt iodization, safe water supply and environmental sanitation remain challenges.

UNICEF is further supporting the water and environmental sanitation project to improve capacity of key Government staff to promote hygiene behaviours and education, and sanitation.

The scale of the task of influencing hygiene, sanitation and environmental health, however, was underestimated.

Evaluating the economic, social and environmental costs of inadequate provision of clean water and sanitation and the economic benefits of proposed solutions might help to persuade Governments to mobilize and allocate more resources in support of the water and sanitation goals.

In the decade since the publication of the 1995 paper on UNICEF strategies in water and environmental sanitation (E ICEF 1995 17 and Corr.1), a growing body of evidence has demonstrated the critical importance of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) for children.

Several delegates supported the multi faceted approach of the focus area, including the focus on high impact health and nutrition interventions, water and environmental sanitation and dracunculiasis eradication.

To plan better living conditions of low income families who live in poor settlements and reverse the process of transforming the big cities into slums, investing in environmental sanitation actions.

In that regard, the African Union Commission will work on the following aspects of the declaration joint management of shared waters for agricultural development, environmental protection, water supply and sanitation.

Sanitation

The three packages of support represent an evolutionary development from the 1995 Water and Environmental Sanitation strategies and are based on lessons learned over the last decade and a changing programming context.

In addition, the Global Environmental Facility should be encouraged to use the opportunity of its pending replenishment to increase funding for water and sanitation, using its international water and land degradation windows.

(b) Sanitation

C. Sanitation

As we have observed, the poverty statistics in many regions are discouraging, particularly with regard to sanitation, access to safe drinking water, child mortality, childcare, environmental degradation and access to basic quality education.

Subsidies for sanitation services and sewer connections, whether direct or cross subsidies, could be justified in terms of the public health and environmental benefits from widespread use of sewerage and waste water treatment.

Sanitation projects could benefit from arrangements under various multilateral environmental agreements, such as the Clean Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol, which provides carbon credits for improved sewage treatment systems with methane capture.

This is now an integral part of Target 10 under Millennium Development Goal 7 on ensuring environmental sustainability halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation.

One example is sanitation.

Water and sanitation services

9.1 Water and sanitation

Liveable housing and sanitation.

Two billion people without sanitation.

E. Utilities, water and sanitation

12.8.2 Sanitation and drinking water

Access to sanitation services for the poor could also be expanded through dedicated comprehensive programmes, such as total sanitation campaigns .

Also calls upon all States to ensure that no child in detention is sentenced to forced labour or corporal punishment or deprived of access to and provision of health care services, hygiene and environmental sanitation, education, basic instruction and vocational training

61 192. International Year of Sanitation, 2008

The importance of water, sanitation and hygiene

Infrastructure, sanitation and environment in rural areas

While UNICEF continues to be involved in institutional sanitation (primarily in schools and in health centres) and may support communal sanitation alternatives (mainly in emergencies), its focus will continue to be on safe and affordable sanitation in households.

By 2015, Senegal aims to implement rural sanitation programmes and to make adequate sanitation available to about 80 per cent of the population.

A holistic approach to sanitation could include measures for changing attitude and behaviour as a complement to investments in sanitation facilities and infrastructure.

28. Also calls upon all States to ensure that no child in detention is sentenced to forced labour or corporal punishment or deprived of access to and provision of health care services, hygiene and environmental sanitation, education, basic instruction and vocational training

25. Also calls upon all States to ensure that no child in detention is sentenced to forced labour or corporal punishment or deprived of access to and provision of health care services, hygiene and environmental sanitation, education, basic instruction and vocational training

The UN Habitat Water and Sanitation Trust Fund was launched in 2004, to promote Millennium Development Goal 7, target 10, on water and sanitation.

The latter also recognizes the importance of sanitation.

(i) Support to water supply and sanitation services

Monitoring target 10, relating to water and sanitation

E. Interlinkages among water, sanitation and human settlements

The Dakar Roadmap resulting from the First Global Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Forum offers another useful model for developing countries to meet the sanitation goals.

UNICEF water, sanitation and hygiene strategies for 2006 2015

Greater investment and coordination in water and sanitation projects.

Wider though still limited access to improved sanitation services.