(a) Reforms of energy markets directed at increasing efficiency including by increasing competition

Such price activity could be equally consistent with active competition.

Stiffer price competition Faced by more price driven competition, firms from developing countries may choose to relocate some of their production facilities to lower cost developing countries.

(a) Where appropriate, reforms of energy markets directed at increasing efficiency including by increasing competition

Allowing private sector participation in a country's important sectors is creating increasing opportunities and promoting competition.

Representatives of two major fixed line telephone service providers met and agreed to limit price competition between them.

The Mexican competition authority found that the association had engaged in unlawful price fixing and imposed a fine.

Increasing competition puts pressure on large telecommunications companies, and the prices of some services tend to decrease.

The price of ICTs goods and services has fallen because of technological advances, increased competition and loosening trade restrictions.

While the market potential for UNOPS services is growing, competition from alternative ODA delivery channels is also increasing.

The establishment of pertinent databases and a documentation centre at the Competition and Price Directorate, which is regarded as essential.

The fact that FDI had taken place in increasing amounts in countries with no competition policy and laws suggested, moreover, that competition policy was not an important factor for investors.

In many cases, price decreases were not substantial because competition among foreign suppliers was based on product differentiation rather than on price, and because many local firms merged or controlled distribution channels.

With increasing competition for FDIs, it is important to develop an attractive package to match the needs of investors.

We are increasing national investments and introducing structural changes with value added, while our market is based on competition.

The statement pointed out, the increasing export price caused by the rise of the oil price will be beneficial to the exports in the second half of this year.

The increasing concentration has generated strong competition among retail establishments, which has translated into lower retailing margins and benefits to consumers.

This was evidence of resale price maintenance, which affects intrabrand competition and limits the right of the retailer to apply his own sale prices.

Although professional associations are crucial in maintaining standards and quality of service, they have often attempted to dampen price competition and restrict new entrants.

Article 10 forbids any economic agent to sell a good at a price lower than its actual cost price when this practice has had, has or may have the result of restricting competition in a given market.

The Mexican competition authority has decided a series of cases (beginning in 1999) involving price fixing agreements and horizontal territorial agreements among sellers of tortillas.

The retailing sector has been witnessing increasing competition and concentration, mainly through the establishment and expansion of chain stores emphasis on large stores the increasing use of technology and growing internationalization of the whole supply chain.

The successful exporters of soluble coffee, Brazil and Colombia, developed these industries in the 1970s when price competition was not as intense as it is currently.

Articles 3 to 6 of Act No. LXXXVII of 1990 on Price Setting (the Price Act ) empowers the Government to create a system of prior notifications of price increase for products the manufacturers of which are in a dominant position, assessed under the criteria of the Competition Act, on the relevant market.

Little attempt is made below to discuss inefficiency arising from activities associated with market power (such as rent seeking activity in order to obtain or maintain regulatory protection, or non price competition through excessive advertising, product differentiation or service quality), since it is difficult to quantify losses incurred therein, and since non price competition is often beneficial for consumer welfare.

Although price competition among large conglomerates from the Republic of Korea was generally limited to international markets, firms competed vigorously to win temporary monopolistic positions or subsidies.

6. Several arguments were also made against the proposition, supporting the view that whether competition policy in itself was important or not, liberalization (or increasing liberalization) of FDI policy need not be linked to a greater need for competition policy.

European competition law in particular allows policymakers to intervene at will, increasing uncertainty, damaging wealth creation and consumer well being. Efficient companies are punished for their success by being held to a special standard that expects them to cuddle their competitors, instead of continuing to out price and outsell them, to the benefit of consumers.

An investigation of 1,492 establishments in 31 Malaysian industries found that price cost margins increased with seller concentration, advertising intensity, export opportunities, competition from imports and capital intensity.

Increasing global competition and the need to establish a firm global position have encouraged Indian enterprises to invest abroad to acquire brand names and production facilities.

This could have the side effect of reducing the price of HCFC 22 and therefore potentially increasing its production and consumption and retarding its phase out.

2. Price and price increases

The changing nature of competition places a premium not only on price quality relationships but also on firm level ability to innovate and to adapt to changing circumstances and demands.

Even though the share of internationally active SMEs was increasing, the majority of firms were not prepared to cope with the heightened international competition on the global market.

Competition.

Many of them are deliberately encouraging competition in the transit transport sector particularly with regard to the road transit subsector where the role of private sector operators is increasing.

For a price, Ugarte. For a price.

They just care about three things and three things only price, price and price.

All competition authorities of CEECs receive the Competition Policy Newsletter.

Heroin prices declined fairly steadily, however in 1994 they were around 40 per cent of the 1983 price in real terms and purity levels were reported to be increasing.

(2) The transaction price or the price range

A survey of price setting behaviour in 654 United Kingdom companies found that competition (as measured by numbers of competitors or market shares) increased the frequency of price reviews. See Simon Hall et al., How do UK companies set prices? , Bank of England Quarterly Bulletin, May 1996, pp. 180 192.

One, competition.

No competition.

In the implementation of this agreement, the DGCN had sent personnel to centres run by the DGCCRF for short term or long term training, initially in price control and subsequently, in competition law.