Harvesting of marine fish resources in India takes place at three levels, namely, subsistence fishing, small scale fishing and industrial fishing.

24. The Territory s private sector economy is based on subsistence agriculture and fishing, and the sale of handicrafts, mainly to passing ships.

With declining catches by small scale fishing communities on many of these islands who are finding it increasingly difficult to continue subsistence fishing, the survival of these communities and their ancient cultures are at stake.

In 1978, Typhoon Rita wiped out the fleet of handmade wooden fishing boats in a group of sea dependant Philippine communities. Relief was fast and effective, consisting first of subsistence aid, followed by restoration of the fishing fleet.

During the Soviet era there were limitations on the Saami fishing rights, but the Saami were entitled to use the land and water for their own subsistence.

Industrial longline fishing also threatens the jobs, and in some cases the nutritional subsistence, of artisanal, subsistence and other small scale fishers, who represent 90 percent of the world's fishermen and women, and who are responsible for almost 50 percent of total world landings.

As reports of declining catches near shore are emerging, many on these islands are faced with a Faustian choice between declining opportunities for subsistence fishing and relatively lucrative access agreements.

Longlining threatens the survival of artisanal and subsistence fishing communities, large predatory fish stocks, sea turtles, marine mammals and sea birds to provide seafood that is too dangerous to eat.

Owing to this system of leasing rivers to private companies, the Saami and other indigenous people in Russia, have hardly any opportunities for fishing for their own daily subsistence needs.

Recognizing the need for appropriate measures to minimize by catch, waste, discards, loss of fishing gear and other factors, which adversely affect fish stocks and may also have undesirable effects on the economies and food security of small island developing States, other developing coastal States and subsistence fishing communities,

The recently adopted marine fishing policy of the Government of India advocates the protection and encouragement of subsistence fishermen, technology transfer to the small scale sector, and infrastructure support to the industrial sector.

Mission subsistence allowance

Mission subsistence allowance.

Mission subsistence allowance.

Mission subsistence allowance.

Mission subsistence allowance.

Mission subsistence allowance.

Mission subsistence allowance.

Mission subsistence allowance.

2. Subsistence allowance

Fishing

Fishing?

Fishing ?

Fishing.

1. Mission subsistence allowance.

8. Mission subsistence allowance.

8. Mission subsistence allowance.

14. Mission subsistence allowance.

18. Aircrew subsistence allowance

(a) Mission subsistence allowance.

(d) Mission subsistence allowance.

E. Mission subsistence allowance

(c) Aircrew subsistence allowance

(b) Mission subsistence allowance

(b) Daily subsistence allowance

E. Mission subsistence allowance

(c) Aircrew subsistence allowance

(c) Aircrew subsistence allowance

1. Mission subsistence allowance.

(c) Aircrew subsistence allowance

1. Mission subsistence allowance.

8. Mission subsistence allowance.

13. Mission subsistence allowance.

20. Mission subsistence allowance.

22. Mission subsistence allowance.