(b) Labour for mothers (workers and employees)

(a) Workers and employees having employment contracts

Workers apos hospitals are established for workers and employees in the big industries.

They apply to all workers and employees in employment relations.

The minimum wage covers all workers and employees under labour contract.

(ii) Ensuring suitable jobs for pregnant women (workers and employees) and for breastfeeding mothers (workers and employees) whose regular jobs are unsuitable for their condition (art. 309 of the Labour Code)

58. Article 48, paragraph 5, of the Constitution recognizes the right of workers and employees to healthy and safe working conditions Workers and employees shall be entitled to healthy and safe working conditions ... .

(iii) Prohibiting business travel for pregnant women (workers and employees) and for mothers (workers and employees) of children up to three years of age, without their explicit consent (art. 310 of the Labour Code)

(vi) Special protection for pregnant women (workers and employees) and mothers (workers and employees) with children up to three years of age against dismissal (art. 333, para. 1, item 1, of the Labour Code).

The legislation also recognized all gains obtained by workers and employees, and reaffirmed them as minimum standards with the possibility for workers and employees to obtain even more favourable ones above the minimum standard level.

Unfortunately most employees in such companies and industries are contract workers and piece rate workers and can be relieved of their positions quite easily.

163. Like public service employees (workers and salaried employees), civil servants, judges and soldiers also have the right to join a trade union of their choice.

It is proclaimed as a basic and irrevocable right of workers and employees in article 50 of the Constitution which reads as follows Workers and employees shall have the right to strike in defence of their collective economic and social interests.

Article 75 states that the State shall establish a social security system for workers and employees .

There were numerous trade unions for public sector employees, including the Trade Union of Employees of State Institutions, Self Governments and the Finance Sector, the Trade Union of Public Service Employees, the Nursing and Health Care Personnel Trade Union, the Health and Social Care Workers Trade Union and the Education and Science Workers Trade Union.

Especially disadvantaged groups in respect to employment are older employees, disabled workers and persons with special needs.

In this respect women avail themselves of all the rights recognized for workers and employees in general.

(i) Equipping and maintaining rest rooms for pregnant women workers and employees (art. 308 of the Labour Code)

This includes labour and social security relations of workers and employees (art. 50, para. 1, of the Labour Code)

10.710 2003 re establishes the payment by enterprises of maternity salary due to insured employees and temporary workers.

This applies to domestic employees or domestic servants 98 per cent of whom are women and rural workers.

Since the early 1990s, employers of workers imported under the labour importation scheme' have paid an Employees Retraining Levy'.2 The levy is used to finance the training and retraining by the Employees Retraining Board of local workers displaced by economic restructuring.

While on paid annual leave, workers and employees receive their wages before taxes (art. 177 of the Labour Code).

48. A basic requirement in determining the wages of workers and employees at each of the lower levels of contract bargaining is that only such conditions as favour the workers and employees may be put forward (art. 50 art. 66, para. 2, of the Labour Code).

80. Workers and employees shall be free to form trade union organizations and alliances (art. 49, para. 1, of the Constitution).

61. No category of workers and employees is excluded from the purview of the minimum standards regarding safety and healthy working conditions.

110. Unemployment social security covers unemployment compensation and benefits in cases where workers and employees have been forced out of their jobs.

72. In addition to paid annual leave the Labour Code also provides for other kinds of leave for workers and employees

To increase the skill and working capacities of workers as well as their economic self reliance several vocational and income generating training activities have been conducted for workers and employees of small scale industries.

Subsequently, coverage was extended to virtually the entire employed working population to students (1965), fishermen, including small ship owners and self employed fishermen (1977), agricultural employees (1982), agricultural and non agricultural self employed workers, Tunisian workers abroad without coverage (1989), employees in the developed agricultural sector (1989), and young people on vocational courses.

Note the category Others corresponds to all of the workers producing for personal use and informal employees (without an employment record book).

Employees Old Age Benefits Act 1976 is applicable only on an establishment where 10 or more workers are employed.

Better conditions for workers and employees can be agreed upon in the collective labour contracts and through the individual agreements between the contracting parties.

The Government and unions (Newfoundland and Labrador Association of Public and Private Employees, Canadian Union of Public Employees, Newfoundland and Labrador Nurses Union, International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, Association of Allied Health Care Professionals) negotiated a pay equity agreement in 1988.

42. The right to a minimum wage is a fundamental constitutional right of workers and employees (art. 48, para. 5, of the Constitution).

Enterprises can build housing units to satisfy the accommodation needs of their workers and employees by using the funds of the future owners.

Subject to the provisos on number of employees in an establishment, women workers in the private sector are also covered.

These include coverage of governmental workers and some private sector employees in 10 countries including Indonesia, Thailand, the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Philippines.

60. Government and private sector businesses should capitalize on the opportunity to use the experience and skills of older workers to train younger and newer employees.

63. As has been repeatedly stated, the Constitution (arts. 6 and 48) and the Labour Code (art. 8) guarantee the equality of all workers and employees.

The text of the Equal treatment (Full time and Part time Workers) Act deliberately avoids any reference to full time or part time employees.

(a) Since 1973, 130,000 tracts of land have been given to workers and employees for their personal use in order to improve food supplies

In order to raise the awareness of employers and employees, the ILO publication ABC of women workers' rights and gender equality has been translated into Estonian.

(e) Improving the national information monitoring system of labour and health conditions of workers and employees and bringing it into conformity with similar European Union information systems

The objective is to identify the ways in which sexual harassment, exploitation and seduction by superiors and or male co workers promote HIV infection in female employees.