Unfortunately, monetary policymakers effort to operationalize the objective of ensuring that the value of money remains stable has taken on a life of its own. Today s economics textbooks assume that a primary objective of central banks is to stabilize consumer prices, rather than the value of money.

It is time for central banks to accept this fact and adopt a comprehensive, long term monetary policy approach even if it means that, in the short term, consumer price inflation deviates from what is currently understood as price stability. Temporary fluctuations in a narrow and imprecisely measured CPI are a small price to pay to secure the long term stability of money.

Price fixing, boycotts, market allocations and refusals to deal are among the practices that such measures should target.

In 1989, Jordan had suffered an economic crisis and the reform measures it had taken in the early 1990s had paid off in macroeconomic stability by 1999.

319. The representative informed the Committee that the economic situation of the country since the early 1990s was characterized by macroeconomic control and stabilization efforts.

Finally, Poland needs sound public finances that is, fiscal space for automatic stabilizers during economic crises. By saving money for hard times, the government can implement countercyclical measures, while ensuring stable finances throughout the economic cycle.

134. Economic measures.

The ECB s defenders would say that such an outcome is purely hypothetical and irrelevant for there is no conflict between stabilizing inflation and sustaining the appropriate level of economic activity. Price stability, according to this view, reduces uncertainty, thereby enabling firms and individuals to take the right decisions, so it is good, not bad, for economic activity.

Macroeconomic stability economic growth ___________

(a) Valorization of the sugar cane agro industry and its decentralized development in practically all States of the country, with all the favourable impacts already known

48. Promoting economic and financial stability depends crucially on political stability, but the same is true in reverse.

We have successfully conducted a set of stringent measures in the credit and monetary and budget and tax spheres which has helped contain inflation and stabilize the economy.

The Government could thus evaluate the role of women in the economy, and plan further measures for their advancement.

Economic policies and measures

5. It is essential that the Group of Seven industrialized countries immediately take the necessary steps to restore stability in financial markets and ensure the growth of the world economy

Macro economic stability had to be replaced with micro stability.

What central banks need now is a revised mandate that upholds price stability as the primary, long term objective, while allowing policymakers to pursue other objectives when appropriate. Specifically, the central bank should be able to move slowly on price stability if it regards the real economy as unacceptably weak, or if an asset price misalignment threatens financial stability and cannot be defused quickly by the new macro prudential instruments.

Unilateral coercive economic measures

Our exchange rate that used to fluctuate all the time is now fairly stable and being managed so that business people have a predictability of prices in the economy.

The economic policy measures each State adopts determine the type of insertion of their national economy in relation to the international economy.

In addition, my country is deeply concerned by the instability and high prices in international oil markets, which militate against our hard won macroeconomic stability.

(d) Implementation of measures prescribed by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) protocols on the control and reduction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides (NOx).

(g) Implementation of measures prescribed by the UNECE protocols on the control and reduction of VOCs and NOx.

66. Thus, while inflation control is one of the most important policy prescriptions of stabilization packages, recent research suggests that low levels of inflation may not harm economic growth.

Although the National Transitional Government of Liberia has adopted regulations to control prices, these have not been enforced, mainly because of corruption.

In recent months the Government had taken severe measures against illegal immigrants, and since the imposition of those measures, inflation had been reduced, the economy had improved and the exchange rate had stabilized.

The economic and social costs of climate change measures, particularly in the developing countries, must be addressed by the international community at the earliest possible date.

Price stability.

94. Armenia apos s strategy for economic reform involved three main elements macroeconomic stabilization, economic liberalization and the privatization of State owned assets.

A few countries have included such discretionary measures as economic needs tests as well.

Despite many difficulties described in the Preamble, Viet Nam has worked out appropriate solutions for maintaining political stability and promoting socio economic development.

It is normally relatively easy, both technically and economically, to take mitigation measures against these objects.

52. Pricing and economic incentives, as policy instruments for demand management, have been gaining gradual acceptance in developed countries in recent years.

Measures to improve the social and economic environment.

Strict compliance with nonproliferation obligations is essential to regional stability, to forestalling nuclear arms races, and to preventing resources needed for economic development from being squandered in a destabilizing and economically unproductive pursuit of weapons.

A sound public borrowing policy is fundamental for a sound fiscal stance and for the consolidation of the stability of the macroeconomic environment in the medium term.

It is carrying out economic reforms and taking measures to strengthen regional economic cooperation.

Measures taken to address economic decline 22 24 18

The State Secretariat for Economic Affairs shall monitor the implementation of enforcement measures under articles 1 and 2.

It would also be necessary to determine the economic and social impact of prevention and mitigation measures.

4. Human rights, as a code of values juridically accepted at the international level, can legitimately signal the ethically acceptable or unacceptable limits of economic policy measures and economic functioning.

We are marching resolutely towards political stability and economic prosperity and regaining security and stability.

It was in fact important for all countries to benefit from that system and to take sustained action to create stable, predictable and non discriminatory terms of access for all countries, including those with economies in transition, to the international goods and services markets.

Developing countries are contributing not only to world growth but also to macro stabilization policies worldwide, in particular through greater internal price stability and significant deregulation of financial markets.

This argument is true most of the time. But when an economy faces a major adverse shock, such as a sharp increase in oil prices, then the twin goals of stabilizing inflation and maintaining economic activity conflict, and the central bank s job becomes more difficult.