Chapter IV prohibits agreements which restrict the economic competition.

The Memoranda of Agreement between the Competition Authority of South Africa and sector regulators can be viewed at www.compcom.co.za.

(e) Aiding African countries in joining the global trading system and assisting them in developing trade negotiating capacity as well as improving their competition capacities and policies

(a) A meeting on competition law and policy, as called for in the report of the Expert Meeting on Competition Law and Policy

UNCTAD also prepared a draft agreement for regional competition policy for member States of the South African Customs Union (SACU).

Meeting of Experts on Competition Law and Policy 13 15 November

Expert Meeting on Competition Law and Policy 24 26 November

Furthermore, his Group believed that UNCTAD provided the most appropriate forum for dealing with the issue of competition law and policies.

(a) Endorses the recommendations of the Expert Meeting on Competition Law and Policy

However, it differs from these agreements in using standards that differ from those in EU competition rules (and resemble those in the South African competition law) to characterize such RBPs and in specifically making a link to the territory of the parties.

See Communication de l'Union Economique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine, Intergovernmental Group of Experts on Competition Law and Policy, Sixth Session

Thus, Articles 35 and 36 of the agreement provide for controls on horizontal decisions and or concerted practices, as well as of vertical agreements, that have the effect of substantially preventing or lessening competition in EU or South African territory (unless the firms can demonstrate that the anticompetitive effects are outweighed by procompetitive ones), and controls on abuse of market power in the whole or in a substantial part of either party's territory.

The second difficulty is that the evidence gathered in the field must be sufficiently convincing to persuade the Competition Board and, where appropriate, the Algiers court of the existence of illegal agreements which jeopardize competition.

Following the adoption of the Zambian Fair Trade and Competition Act and the organization of a national Competition Seminar in December 1995, which recommended the creation of a Competition Authority, two advisory missions were undertaken by UNCTAD with a view to assisting in the establishment of the national Competition Commission.

32. The spokesman for the African Group (Morocco) said that his Group attached great importance to the issue of competition law and policy.

Under article 6 3, the Competition Commission is competent to issue opinions on unlawful agreements, abuses of market power and economic concentration.

The competition authority may establish that an agreement does not qualify as one restricting competition, does not fall under the prohibition as being of minor significance or concluded between undertakings which are not independent of each other (see below under D (a)) or

They include, in particular, studies on Advocacy functions of competition authorities Competition aspects of the main WTO agreements Competition policy in countries in transition , FDI related issues of competition and RBPs and The development dimension of competition law and policy .

Following the symposium, the Task Force decided to start the process of drafting a Competition Bill with assistance from competition consultants and in close cooperation with UNCTAD.

After reporting on his country s technical assistance activities in support of developing countries efforts to adopt and implement competition laws and policy, he proposed that UNCTAD should formulate model courses on competition policy corresponding to the stage of development of countries and their experience in the implementation of competition law and policy.

agreements between undertakings which have as their object or effect the prevention, restriction or distortion of competition, and

agreements between undertakings which have as their object or effect the prevention, restriction or distortion of competition and

The WTO agreements contain a number of general provisions potentially relevant to competition policy, as well as several provisions dealing specifically with competition policy issues.

Agreed recommendations of the Expert Meeting on Competition Law and Policy (TD B COM.2 EM L.2)

See on this P. Brusick and J. Clarke, Operationalizing special and differential treatment in cooperation agreement on competition law and policy, in UNCTAD, Trade and Competition Issues Experiences at Regional Level.

A Competition Commission is established at the regional level to apply competition rules in respect of anti competitive cross border business conduct, promote competition in the Community and coordinate the implementation of the Community Competition Policy it is to collaborate on enforcement with national competition authorities.

2. Segment for high level participation Globalization, competition, competitiveness and development

Related action in connection with the proposed new Intergovernmental Group of Experts on Competition Law and Policy

I Agreements on competition law enforcement 29

Harmonization of the competition legislation of the Slovak Republic with competition laws of the EU and secondary legislation

In consequence of a new agreement between two competitors, we need to readjust our strategies.

In the area of regional cooperation, assistance was provided in the drafting of competition legislation for member States of COMESA and for the implementation of the recently adopted legislation of the West African Economic and Monetary Union.

The Act is applicable by virtue of the mere existence of an agreement or a form of behaviour which restricts competition, regardless of whether the agreement is put into effect.

It's a pre competitive issue.

Available on the website of the South African Competition Commission at www.compcom.co.za .

Look, mister, I'm in a very competitive business.

Competition law and policy is addressed more extensively in African subregional agreements, often on the basis of the model of the Treaty of RomeThe Treaty Establishing the Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa (CEMAC) provides for the establishment of common competition rules to control both RBPs and Government activities two regulations dealing respectively with these two subjects have been adopted.

It also recommended further issues for review and in depth consultations by the Review Conference, namely on (a) techniques for gathering evidence on cartels (b) the role of economic analysis in competition law enforcement (c) the role of the judiciary in such enforcement (d) application of competition law and policy to the informal sector and (e) how to operationalize special and differential treatment for developing countries in competition law and policy.

WAYS IN WHICH POSSIBLE INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS ON COMPETITION MIGHT APPLY TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, INCLUDING THROUGH PREFERENTIAL OR DIFFERENTIAL TREATMENT, WITH A VIEW TO ENABLING THESE COUNTRIES TO INTRODUCE AND ENFORCE COMPETITION LAW AND POLICY CONSISTENT WITH THEIR LEVEL OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

33. His Group fully supported the agreed recommendations of the Expert Meeting on Competition Law and Policy and greatly appreciated the work of the Meeting in bringing about a convergence of views in this field.

Item 2 Segment for high level participation Globalization, competition,

Australia has agreements with Fiji and Papua New Guinea, covering both competition and consumer questions.

A PRESENTATION OF TYPES OF COMMON PROVISIONS TO BE FOUND IN INTERNATIONAL, PARTICULARLY BILATERAL AND REGIONAL, COOPERATION AGREEMENTS ON COMPETITION POLICY AND THEIR APPLICATION

Competition law and its application could prevent such agreements and arrangements among private firms.

The Australia Thailand agreement, for instance, contains a definition of the anti competitive practices to be proscribed these include business conduct or transactions that adversely affect competition, such as anti competitive horizontal arrangements between competitors misuse of market power, including predatory pricing anti competitive vertical arrangements and anti competitive mergers and acquisitions.