Another means to combat the illicit trade is the adoption of end user certificates.

The Commission recognized that the strict control of precursors to prevent their diversion from licit to illicit channels was an effective means of combating the illicit manufacture of drugs.

(b) The means of concealment used in the illicit manufacturing of or trafficking in firearms, ammunition and other related materials and ways of detecting such illicit manufacturing or trafficking

(b) The means of concealment used in the illicit manufacturing of or trafficking in firearms, ammunition, explosives and other related materials and ways of detecting such illicit manufacturing or trafficking

(a) It has been acquired by theft, bribery, coercion, fraud, trespass, deception, misrepresentation, or other illicit or dishonest means

Convinced that concerted action and comprehensive, well coordinated programmes are the only means by which to fight problems involving illicit drugs,

Convinced that concerted action and comprehensive, well coordinated programmes are the only means by which to fight problems involving illicit drugs,

The theft of vehicles was related to the constant demand for cheap spare parts, which could only be satisfied through illicit means.

quot Convinced that concerted action and comprehensive, well coordinated programmes are the only means by which to fight problems involving illicit drugs,

Togo, despite its modest means, had set up a national commission against the proliferation and illicit trafficking in small arms and light weapons.

Setting up mechanisms to control the illicit transfer of those weapons and means for their financing are urgent tasks for the United Nations family.

UNDCP completed a programme of assistance to provide local authorities with the means of sustaining and improving their capacity to detect and eradicate illicit crops.

(b) The means of concealment used in the illicit manufacturing of or trafficking in firearms, ammunition and other related materials and ways of detecting them

National and international efforts to address illicit drug use and illicit trafficking should make the fullest possible use of the experience, expertise, technologies and accomplishments of other countries and agencies, sharing the foregoing by whatever means are appropriate, affordable and effective (Canada).

Lithuania supported the Proliferation Security Initiative, which proved to be an effective means to tackle illicit trafficking in weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery in accordance with national legislation and the respective provisions of international law.

Considering that alternative development should be regarded by the international community not only as a means of reducing illicit drug supply, but also as a means of consolidating sustainable development in those communities and territories affected by illicit crops and as a part of the strategy against poverty undertaken by States to fulfil the commitments of the United Nations Millennium Declaration,

Considering that alternative development should be regarded by the international community not only as means of reducing illicit drug supply, but also as a means of consolidating sustainable development in those communities and territories affected by illicit crops and as a part of the strategy against poverty undertaken by States to fulfil the commitments of the United Nations Millennium Declaration,

Perinatal and pre school programmes designed to target specific risk factors have recently been promoted as a means of reducing illicit demand among children later in life.

The core function of UNDCP in demand reduction is to develop strategies and to identify the means by which the illicit demand for drugs can be reduced.

These funds are used for development based initiatives in rural areas where illicit crops are grown, as a means of removing the economic dependence on drug crops.

(c) Disseminate more systematic information on the ways and means used by criminal organizations for illicit trafficking in, and diversion of, precursors, with a view to adopting measures to prevent such illicit activities, in accordance with article 12, paragraph 12 (c), of the 1988 Convention

15. Encourages States further to cooperate through bilateral, regional and multilateral means to avoid displacement of illicit drug crop cultivation from one area, region or country to another

Illicit enrichment

Illicit manufacturing

13. Encourages States to cooperate through bilateral, regional and multilateral means to prevent illicit crop cultivation from emerging in, or from being relocated to, other areas, regions or countries

Therefore, the GUUAM Group calls for more active use of existing initiatives aimed at preventing the illicit trafficking of nuclear, biological and chemical weapons and of their means of delivery.

A recent independent study examined the cost effectiveness of prevention programmes, notably outpatient and residential treatment programmes, in relation to supply reduction strategies as a means of reducing illicit consumption.

12. To stem the flow of illicit drugs, reducing illicit drug demand is as important as reducing illicit drug supply and trafficking.

Illicit synthetic drugs

Illicit synthetic drugs

Illicit synthetic drugs

Illicit synthetic drugs

Illicit drug trafficking

5. Illicit trafficking

quot 12. To stem the flow of illicit drugs, reducing illicit drug demand is as important as reducing illicit drug supply and trafficking.

16. The Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property obligates States parties to suppress illicit traffic in archaeological, historical, artistic and other property designated by States as being of particular cultural value, without explicitly requiring criminalization of proscribed conduct.

14. The eradication of illicit crops is a basic tool to reduce illicit cultivation.

The eradication of illicit crops is a basic tool used to reduce illicit cultivation.

Subprogramme 13.4 Supply reduction elimination of illicit crops and suppression of illicit drug trafficking

Concerned about the international distribution of those drugs and precursors by new means of illicit drug trading, including via the Internet, and the lack of harmonized national regulations to counter that development,

Latvia cooperates with other States in order to further improve its control system so as to prevent illicit trafficking in nuclear, chemical or biological weapons, their means of delivery, and related materials.

With a view to developing a common policy for bilateral and multilateral donors, UNDCP will give more attention to advocating alternative development as a means of reducing the cultivation of illicit crops.

To assess worldwide trends in illicit traffic and transit of drugs and to recommend ways and means for improving the capacity of States to deal with the problem (section II, paragraph 22)

43 6 Illicit cultivation

ILLICIT DEMAND FOR DRUGS