Only States are parties to conventions non State actors are not bound by them.

In his dissenting opinion, Judge Alvarez asserted that such rule was not only binding upon all States of the New World and binding upon all the States of the New World though it need not be accepted by all of them but also on all other States in matters affecting America .

37. Mr. Mohan Dev (India) said that States alone were competent to determine their willingness to be bound by international contractual obligations and the extent to which they would do so.

Once a State had taken that position, however, it had to decide either to be bound by the treaty as a whole or not at all.

We are therefore of the view that any amendment to the Convention should be binding on States expressing the desire to be bound by conventional means.

Keep in mind that this is a constraint specifically on the nuclear weapon States.

(a) in accordance with any applicable international convention binding on the State of the forum and the State concerned or

Protocol II will enter into force as binding international law six months after 20 States have notified the Secretary General of their consent to be bound to it.

Conclusion of the Meeting of States Parties

Sixteen States have so far accepted to be bound by Protocol II.

1. This Convention shall enter into force . following the date on which ... States have expressed their consent to be bound by it.

Roughly half of all countries that emerge from war lapse back into violence within five years.

The national plans to be drawn up must be forwarded to, and registered with, the Conference of the Parties, and are binding on the submitting Party.

It is disturbing to sometimes see a reluctance to be bound by international norms and agreements freely entered into and an unwillingness to enter into new binding agreements.

The plaintiffs opined that it is the national public power of public security organ, procuratorate, court and other national legal authorities to give criminal sanctions, which is not bound by private appointments.

These are powerful constraints for all the States having subscribed to these provisions.

America s Constrained Choice

A different situation occurred with respect to States existing prior to succession if the draft took the form of a treaty, and those States acceded to it, they would be bound by the text as a whole.

Party means a State or regional economic integration organization that has consented to be bound by this Convention and for which the Convention is in force.

There was a need for legally binding security assurances to non nuclear weapon States.

Canada, for example, had in place a conflict of interest code designed to guide the conduct of public officials and office holders.

The moratorium is open to all African countries and is not a binding mechanism.

5. When an amendment enters into force, it shall be binding on those States Parties which have expressed their consent to be bound by it. Other States Parties shall still be bound by the provisions of this Convention and any earlier amendments that they have ratified, accepted or approved.

Party' means a State or regional economic integration organisation that has consented to be bound by this Convention and for which the Convention is in force.

Some of the United Nations standards and norms have had a significant impact on the development of international principles, binding or non binding, for action at the national and regional levels.

And where, at the nation state level that power is held to accountability subject to the rule of law, on the international stage it is not.

However, the nuclear Powers had announced that it had not been their intention to create obligations binding under international law.

The first global and legally binding convention against corruption, adopted by the General Assembly in October 2003, has been signed so far by 118 countries and ratified by 15.

A reservation to a treaty provision which sets forth a customary norm does not affect the binding nature of the customary norm in question in relations between the reserving State or international organization and other States or international organizations which are bound by that norm.

This is because it is not sufficient for a treaty to be signed by representatives who have negotiated it, as their signature is not binding upon the State.

5. When an amendment enters into force, it shall be binding on those States Parties which have expressed their consent to be bound by it. Other States Parties shall still be bound by the provisions of this Protocol and any earlier amendments that they have ratified, accepted or approved.

Constraints

5. When an amendment enters into force, it shall be binding on those States Parties which have expressed their consent to be bound by it. Other States Parties shall still be bound by the provisions of this Convention and any earlier amendments that they have ratified, accepted or approved.

The main limitations and restraints would regard countries possessing nuclear weapons or those which might pursue, in the future, nuclear military capabilities.

Each State may at the time of signature, ratification, acceptance or approval of the present Convention or accession thereto declare that it does not consider itself bound by paragraph 1 of the present article.

How could a State object to a reservation that was incompatible with the object and purpose of the treaty without deciding not to be bound by the treaty in respect of the reserving State?

The Nordic countries had already stated their preference for a non binding declaration that could be of immediate assistance to States dealing with problems of nationality in relation to the succession of States.

All states must also meet binding anti terrorism obligations imposed by the United Nations Security Council.

One Government took the position, consistent with article 34 of the 1978 Vienna Convention on Succession of States in Respect to Treaties, that the successor States are bound by obligations of their predecessor States when a single State breaks up into two or more successors.

Ending the Nation State Myth

Flexibilities in binding coverage commensurate with the ACP countries' development levels should be accorded to these countries.

China did not consider the Declaration binding.

Option 4 A legally binding instrument such as a Stand alone Convention, open to participation by all or a large number of states that impose binding commitments accountability and may involve pre agreed sanctions

U.S. Law of War obligations are national obligations, binding upon every soldier, sailor, airman, or Marine.

We hope these international recommendations will soon become universally binding instruments for all states.